News Industry & Content Provenance Scenario
This guide demonstrates how to build a news content provenance system using TrustWeave to track and verify the authenticity, authorship, and processing history of news articles, images, and multimedia content.
What You’ll Build
By the end of this tutorial, you’ll have:
- ✅ Created DIDs for news organizations, journalists, and content
- ✅ Issued authorship credentials for articles
- ✅ Tracked content modifications and updates
- ✅ Verified content authenticity and integrity
- ✅ Built content attribution chains
- ✅ Anchored content provenance to blockchain
- ✅ Created fact-checking credentials
- ✅ Built complete news provenance system
Big Picture & Significance
The News Trust Crisis
The news industry faces a crisis of trust. Misinformation, deepfakes, and content manipulation have eroded public confidence. Verifiable content provenance is critical for rebuilding trust.
Industry Context:
- Trust Crisis: Only 44% of people trust news media globally
- Misinformation: False information spreads faster than truth
- Deepfakes: AI-generated content threatens authenticity
- Regulatory Pressure: Increasing requirements for content transparency
- Publisher Accountability: Need to verify content sources
Why This Matters:
- Trust: Rebuild trust in news media
- Authenticity: Verify content hasn’t been manipulated
- Attribution: Properly credit journalists and sources
- Accountability: Hold publishers accountable
- Transparency: Show content processing history
- Fact-Checking: Enable verifiable fact-checking
The Content Provenance Problem
Traditional news systems struggle with provenance because:
- No Verification: Can’t verify content authenticity
- No Attribution: Missing author and source information
- No History: Can’t track content modifications
- No Standards: Each publisher tracks differently
- No Interoperability: Can’t share provenance across platforms
Value Proposition
Problems Solved
- Content Authenticity: Verify content hasn’t been manipulated
- Author Attribution: Properly credit journalists
- Source Verification: Verify content sources
- Modification Tracking: Track all content changes
- Fact-Checking: Enable verifiable fact-checking
- Publisher Accountability: Hold publishers accountable
- Cross-Platform: Works across news platforms
Business Benefits
For News Organizations:
- Trust: Rebuild reader trust
- Compliance: Meet regulatory requirements
- Differentiation: Stand out with verifiable content
- Accountability: Clear responsibility tracking
For Journalists:
- Attribution: Proper credit for work
- Protection: Protect against content theft
- Reputation: Build verifiable reputation
For Readers:
- Trust: Verify content authenticity
- Transparency: See content history
- Fact-Checking: Verify claims
Understanding the Problem
News content provenance faces several critical challenges:
- Authenticity: Verify content hasn’t been manipulated
- Attribution: Properly credit authors and sources
- Modification Tracking: Track all content changes
- Source Verification: Verify content sources
- Fact-Checking: Enable verifiable fact-checking
- Cross-Platform: Share provenance across platforms
How It Works: Content Provenance Flow
flowchart TD
A["Journalist DID<br/>Author Identity<br/>Credentials"] -->|creates| B["Article Content<br/>Article DID<br/>Content Hash<br/>Authorship Credential"]
B -->|modified by| C["Editor DID<br/>Editor Identity<br/>Modification Credential"]
C -->|publishes| D["Publisher DID<br/>Publication Credential<br/>Blockchain Anchor"]
style A fill:#1976d2,stroke:#0d47a1,stroke-width:2px,color:#fff
style B fill:#f57c00,stroke:#e65100,stroke-width:2px,color:#fff
style C fill:#388e3c,stroke:#1b5e20,stroke-width:2px,color:#fff
style D fill:#c2185b,stroke:#880e4f,stroke-width:2px,color:#fff
Key Concepts
Content Credential Types
- Authorship Credential: Proves who created content
- Modification Credential: Tracks content changes
- Publication Credential: Records publication
- Fact-Check Credential: Verifies claims
- Source Credential: Verifies content sources
Prerequisites
- Java 21+
- Kotlin 2.2.0+
- Gradle 8.5+
- Basic understanding of Kotlin and coroutines
Step 1: Add Dependencies
Add TrustWeave dependencies to your build.gradle.kts. These modules provide DID/credential APIs plus the in-memory services used to model newsroom workflows.
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dependencies {
implementation("com.trustweave:trustweave-core:1.0.0-SNAPSHOT")
implementation("com.trustweave:trustweave-json:1.0.0-SNAPSHOT")
implementation("com.trustweave:trustweave-kms:1.0.0-SNAPSHOT")
implementation("com.trustweave:trustweave-did:1.0.0-SNAPSHOT")
implementation("com.trustweave:trustweave-anchor:1.0.0-SNAPSHOT")
implementation("com.trustweave:trustweave-testkit:1.0.0-SNAPSHOT")
implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-serialization-json:1.6.0")
implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-core:1.7.3")
}
Result: With dependencies in place you can execute the news provenance walkthrough without additional setup.
Step 2: Setup and Create Journalist DID
Purpose: Initialize the news provenance system and create DIDs for journalists.
Why This Matters: Journalists need verifiable identities to claim authorship. Their DIDs provide persistent identifiers that survive across platforms and time.
Rationale:
- Journalist DID: Represents journalist identity
- Persistent Identity: Survives across platforms
- Verification: Can verify journalist credentials
- Attribution: Enables proper attribution
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import com.trustweave.testkit.did.DidKeyMockMethod
import com.trustweave.testkit.kms.InMemoryKeyManagementService
import com.trustweave.did.DidMethodRegistry
import kotlinx.coroutines.runBlocking
fun main() = runBlocking {
println("=== News Industry & Content Provenance Scenario ===\n")
// Step 1: Setup services
println("Step 1: Setting up services...")
// Separate KMS for different participants
// Journalists, editors, publishers each have their own keys
val journalistKms = InMemoryKeyManagementService()
val editorKms = InMemoryKeyManagementService()
val publisherKms = InMemoryKeyManagementService()
val didMethod = DidKeyMockMethod(journalistKms)
val didRegistry = DidMethodRegistry().apply { register(didMethod) }
println("Services initialized")
}
Step 3: Create Journalist and Organization DIDs
Purpose: Create DIDs for journalists and news organizations.
Why This Matters: Both journalists and organizations need verifiable identities. Organizations can issue credentials to journalists, and journalists can claim authorship.
Rationale:
- Journalist DID: Individual journalist identity
- Organization DID: News organization identity
- Relationship: Organization can verify journalist credentials
- Attribution: Enables proper content attribution
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// Step 2: Create journalist and organization DIDs
println("\nStep 2: Creating journalist and organization DIDs...")
// Journalist DID represents individual journalist
// This provides persistent identity across platforms
val journalistDid = didMethod.createDid()
println("Journalist DID: ${journalistDid.id}")
// Organization DID represents news organization
// Organizations can issue credentials to journalists
val organizationDid = didMethod.createDid()
println("Organization DID: ${organizationDid.id}")
// Create journalist credential issued by organization
// This proves journalist is affiliated with organization
val journalistCredential = createJournalistCredential(
journalistDid = journalistDid.id,
organizationDid = organizationDid.id,
name = "Alice Reporter",
title = "Senior Journalist",
beat = "Technology"
)
println("Journalist credential created:")
println(" - Name: Alice Reporter")
println(" - Title: Senior Journalist")
println(" - Beat: Technology")
Step 4: Create Article Content DID
Purpose: Create DID for news article content.
Why This Matters: Each article needs a unique identifier. The content hash ensures integrity - any modification changes the hash.
Rationale:
- Article DID: Unique identifier for article
- Content Hash: Ensures content integrity
- Persistent Identity: Survives across platforms
- Verification: Can verify content hasn’t changed
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import com.trustweave.credential.models.VerifiableCredential
import kotlinx.serialization.json.buildJsonObject
import kotlinx.serialization.json.put
import java.time.Instant
// Step 3: Create article content DID
println("\nStep 3: Creating article content DID...")
// Article content
val articleContent = """
Breaking: New AI Technology Revolutionizes Healthcare
Scientists have developed a new AI system that can diagnose diseases
with 95% accuracy. The system uses machine learning to analyze
medical images and patient data.
"This is a breakthrough," said Dr. Smith, lead researcher.
""".trimIndent()
// Compute content hash for integrity verification
// Any modification to content will change this hash
val contentHash = com.trustweave.json.DigestUtils.sha256DigestMultibase(
articleContent.encodeToByteArray()
)
// Create article DID
val articleDid = didMethod.createDid()
println("Article DID: ${articleDid.id}")
println("Content Hash: $contentHash")
Step 5: Create Authorship Credential
Purpose: Create credential proving journalist authored the article.
Why This Matters: Authorship credentials provide verifiable proof of who created content. This is critical for attribution and accountability.
Rationale:
- Authorship Proof: Verifiable proof of authorship
- Attribution: Enables proper credit
- Accountability: Holds authors accountable
- Protection: Protects against content theft
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// Step 4: Create authorship credential
println("\nStep 4: Creating authorship credential...")
// Authorship credential proves journalist created the article
// This is critical for attribution and accountability
val authorshipCredential = VerifiableCredential(
id = "https://news.example.com/articles/${articleDid.id.substringAfterLast(":")}/authorship",
type = listOf("VerifiableCredential", "AuthorshipCredential", "NewsCredential"),
issuer = organizationDid.id, // Organization verifies journalist's authorship
credentialSubject = buildJsonObject {
put("id", journalistDid.id)
put("authorship", buildJsonObject {
put("articleDid", articleDid.id)
put("contentHash", contentHash)
put("role", "author")
put("contribution", "primary-author")
put("timestamp", Instant.now().toString())
})
},
issuanceDate = Instant.now().toString(),
expirationDate = null
)
println("Authorship credential created:")
println(" - Article: ${articleDid.id}")
println(" - Author: ${journalistDid.id}")
println(" - Role: primary-author")
Step 6: Issue Authorship Credential
Purpose: Cryptographically sign authorship credential.
Why This Matters: Cryptographic proof ensures authorship claims cannot be forged. This is critical for trust and accountability.
Rationale:
- Key Generation: Generate organization’s signing key
- Proof Generation: Create cryptographic proof
- Credential Issuance: Sign credential
- Verification: Anyone can verify authorship
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import com.trustweave.credential.issuer.CredentialIssuer
import com.trustweave.credential.proof.Ed25519ProofGenerator
import com.trustweave.credential.CredentialIssuanceOptions
// Step 5: Issue authorship credential
println("\nStep 5: Issuing authorship credential...")
// Generate organization's signing key
val orgKey = publisherKms.generateKey("Ed25519")
// Create proof generator
val orgProofGenerator = Ed25519ProofGenerator(
signer = { data, keyId -> publisherKms.sign(keyId, data) },
getPublicKeyId = { keyId -> orgKey.id }
)
val didResolver = CredentialDidResolver { did ->
didRegistry.resolve(did).toCredentialDidResolution()
}
// Create credential issuer
val orgIssuer = CredentialIssuer(
proofGenerator = orgProofGenerator,
resolveDid = { did -> didResolver.resolve(did)?.isResolvable == true }
)
// Issue authorship credential
val issuedAuthorshipCredential = orgIssuer.issue(
credential = authorshipCredential,
issuerDid = organizationDid.id,
keyId = orgKey.id,
options = CredentialIssuanceOptions(proofType = "Ed25519Signature2020")
)
println("Authorship credential issued:")
println(" - Proof: ${issuedAuthorshipCredential.proof != null}")
Step 7: Track Content Modifications
Purpose: Track article edits and modifications.
Why This Matters: News articles are often edited. Tracking modifications provides transparency and accountability.
Rationale:
- Modification Tracking: Record all changes
- Editor Attribution: Credit editors
- Transparency: Show modification history
- Accountability: Hold editors accountable
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// Step 6: Track content modifications
println("\nStep 6: Tracking content modifications...")
// Editor DID
val editorDid = didMethod.createDid()
// Modified article content
val modifiedContent = """
Breaking: New AI Technology Revolutionizes Healthcare
Scientists have developed a new AI system that can diagnose diseases
with 98% accuracy. The system uses advanced machine learning to analyze
medical images and patient data.
"This is a breakthrough that will transform healthcare," said Dr. Smith,
lead researcher at the Medical Research Institute.
""".trimIndent()
val modifiedHash = com.trustweave.json.DigestUtils.sha256DigestMultibase(
modifiedContent.encodeToByteArray()
)
// Create modification credential
// This tracks what was changed and by whom
val modificationCredential = VerifiableCredential(
type = listOf("VerifiableCredential", "ModificationCredential", "NewsCredential"),
issuer = organizationDid.id,
credentialSubject = buildJsonObject {
put("modification", buildJsonObject {
put("articleDid", articleDid.id)
put("previousHash", contentHash)
put("newHash", modifiedHash)
put("editorDid", editorDid.id)
put("changes", buildJsonObject {
put("accuracyUpdated", "95% → 98%")
put("quoteExtended", "true")
put("institutionAdded", "Medical Research Institute")
})
put("timestamp", Instant.now().toString())
})
},
issuanceDate = Instant.now().toString()
)
// Issue modification credential
val issuedModificationCredential = orgIssuer.issue(
credential = modificationCredential,
issuerDid = organizationDid.id,
keyId = orgKey.id,
options = CredentialIssuanceOptions(proofType = "Ed25519Signature2020")
)
println("Modification credential created:")
println(" - Editor: ${editorDid.id}")
println(" - Changes: accuracy updated, quote extended")
Step 8: Create Publication Credential
Purpose: Record article publication.
Why This Matters: Publication credentials record when and where content was published. This is critical for copyright and accountability.
Rationale:
- Publication Record: Records publication event
- Timestamp: When content was published
- Platform: Where content was published
- Accountability: Holds publisher accountable
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// Step 7: Create publication credential
println("\nStep 7: Creating publication credential...")
// Publication credential records when article was published
val publicationCredential = VerifiableCredential(
type = listOf("VerifiableCredential", "PublicationCredential", "NewsCredential"),
issuer = organizationDid.id,
credentialSubject = buildJsonObject {
put("publication", buildJsonObject {
put("articleDid", articleDid.id)
put("contentHash", modifiedHash) // Use latest hash
put("publisherDid", organizationDid.id)
put("publicationDate", Instant.now().toString())
put("platform", "https://news.example.com")
put("url", "https://news.example.com/articles/ai-healthcare-breakthrough")
})
},
issuanceDate = Instant.now().toString()
)
// Issue publication credential
val issuedPublicationCredential = orgIssuer.issue(
credential = publicationCredential,
issuerDid = organizationDid.id,
keyId = orgKey.id,
options = CredentialIssuanceOptions(proofType = "Ed25519Signature2020")
)
println("Publication credential created:")
println(" - Publisher: ${organizationDid.id}")
println(" - Platform: https://news.example.com")
println(" - URL: https://news.example.com/articles/ai-healthcare-breakthrough")
Step 9: Create Fact-Check Credential
Purpose: Create credential verifying article claims.
Why This Matters: Fact-checking credentials provide verifiable proof that claims have been verified. This is critical for trust and combating misinformation.
Rationale:
- Fact Verification: Verifies article claims
- Fact-Checker Identity: Who verified the facts
- Verification Method: How facts were verified
- Trust: Builds reader trust
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// Step 8: Create fact-check credential
println("\nStep 8: Creating fact-check credential...")
// Fact-checker DID
val factCheckerDid = didMethod.createDid()
// Fact-check credential verifies article claims
val factCheckCredential = VerifiableCredential(
type = listOf("VerifiableCredential", "FactCheckCredential", "NewsCredential"),
issuer = factCheckerDid.id, // Independent fact-checker
credentialSubject = buildJsonObject {
put("factCheck", buildJsonObject {
put("articleDid", articleDid.id)
put("claims", buildJsonObject {
put("claim1", buildJsonObject {
put("text", "AI system diagnoses with 98% accuracy")
put("status", "verified")
put("source", "Medical Research Institute Study")
put("verificationDate", Instant.now().toString())
})
put("claim2", buildJsonObject {
put("text", "Dr. Smith is lead researcher")
put("status", "verified")
put("source", "Institution Website")
})
})
put("overallRating", "verified")
put("factCheckerDid", factCheckerDid.id)
})
},
issuanceDate = Instant.now().toString()
)
// Issue fact-check credential
val factCheckerKey = journalistKms.generateKey("Ed25519")
val factCheckerProofGenerator = Ed25519ProofGenerator(
signer = { data, keyId -> journalistKms.sign(keyId, data) },
getPublicKeyId = { keyId -> factCheckerKey.id }
)
val factCheckerProofRegistry = ProofGeneratorRegistry().apply {
register(factCheckerProofGenerator)
}
val factCheckerIssuer = CredentialIssuer(
proofGenerator = factCheckerProofGenerator,
resolveDid = { did -> didRegistry.resolve(did) != null },
proofRegistry = factCheckerProofRegistry
)
val issuedFactCheckCredential = factCheckerIssuer.issue(
credential = factCheckCredential,
issuerDid = factCheckerDid.id,
keyId = factCheckerKey.id,
options = CredentialIssuanceOptions(proofType = "Ed25519Signature2020")
)
println("Fact-check credential created:")
println(" - Fact-checker: ${factCheckerDid.id}")
println(" - Overall rating: verified")
println(" - Claims verified: 2")
Step 10: Verify Content Authenticity
Purpose: Verify article content hasn’t been tampered with.
Why This Matters: Content verification ensures readers can trust content hasn’t been manipulated. This is critical for combating misinformation.
Rationale:
- Content Verification: Verify content hash matches
- Credential Verification: Verify all credentials
- Chain Verification: Verify complete provenance chain
- Trust: Builds reader trust
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import com.trustweave.credential.verifier.CredentialVerifier
import com.trustweave.credential.CredentialVerificationOptions
// Step 9: Verify content authenticity
println("\nStep 9: Verifying content authenticity...")
val verifier = CredentialVerifier(didResolver)
// Verify all credentials
val credentials = listOf(
issuedAuthorshipCredential,
issuedModificationCredential,
issuedPublicationCredential,
issuedFactCheckCredential
)
credentials.forEach { credential ->
val verification = verifier.verify(
credential = credential,
options = CredentialVerificationOptions(
checkRevocation = false,
checkExpiration = false,
didResolver = didResolver
)
)
if (verification.valid) {
println("✅ Credential verified: ${credential.type.firstOrNull()}")
} else {
println("❌ Credential verification failed:")
verification.errors.forEach { println(" - $it") }
}
}
// Verify content hash matches
val currentContentHash = com.trustweave.json.DigestUtils.sha256DigestMultibase(
modifiedContent.encodeToByteArray()
)
if (currentContentHash == modifiedHash) {
println("✅ Content hash verified - content hasn't been tampered with")
} else {
println("❌ Content hash mismatch - content may have been modified")
}
Step 11: Anchor Content to Blockchain
Purpose: Create immutable record of content provenance.
Why This Matters: Blockchain anchoring provides permanent, tamper-proof record. This enables long-term verification and accountability.
Rationale:
- Immutability: Cannot be tampered with
- Audit Trail: Permanent record
- Verification: Anyone can verify
- Accountability: Holds publishers accountable
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import com.trustweave.testkit.anchor.InMemoryBlockchainAnchorClient
import com.trustweave.anchor.BlockchainAnchorRegistry
import com.trustweave.anchor.anchorTyped
import kotlinx.serialization.Serializable
import kotlinx.serialization.json.Json
@Serializable
data class ContentProvenanceRecord(
val articleDid: String,
val authorDid: String,
val publisherDid: String,
val contentHash: String,
val publicationDate: String,
val provenanceDigest: String
)
// Step 10: Anchor content to blockchain
println("\nStep 10: Anchoring content to blockchain...")
val anchorClient = InMemoryBlockchainAnchorClient("eip155:1", emptyMap())
val blockchainRegistry = BlockchainAnchorRegistry().apply {
register("eip155:1", anchorClient)
}
// Create provenance record
val provenanceDigest = com.trustweave.json.DigestUtils.sha256DigestMultibase(
Json.encodeToJsonElement(
VerifiableCredential.serializer(),
issuedPublicationCredential
)
)
val provenanceRecord = ContentProvenanceRecord(
articleDid = articleDid.id,
authorDid = journalistDid.id,
publisherDid = organizationDid.id,
contentHash = modifiedHash,
publicationDate = Instant.now().toString(),
provenanceDigest = provenanceDigest
)
// Anchor to blockchain
val anchorResult = blockchainRegistry.anchorTyped(
value = provenanceRecord,
serializer = ContentProvenanceRecord.serializer(),
targetChainId = "eip155:137"
)
println("Content anchored to blockchain:")
println(" - Transaction hash: ${anchorResult.ref.txHash}")
println(" - Provides immutable provenance record")
println(" - Enables long-term verification")
}
fun createJournalistCredential(
journalistDid: String,
organizationDid: String,
name: String,
title: String,
beat: String
): VerifiableCredential {
return VerifiableCredential(
type = listOf("VerifiableCredential", "JournalistCredential"),
issuer = organizationDid,
credentialSubject = buildJsonObject {
put("id", journalistDid)
put("journalist", buildJsonObject {
put("name", name)
put("title", title)
put("beat", beat)
put("organizationDid", organizationDid)
})
},
issuanceDate = Instant.now().toString(),
expirationDate = null
)
}
Advanced Features
Multi-Author Articles
Track articles with multiple authors:
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fun createMultiAuthorCredential(
articleDid: String,
authors: List<String>,
organizationDid: String
): VerifiableCredential {
return VerifiableCredential(
type = listOf("VerifiableCredential", "AuthorshipCredential"),
issuer = organizationDid,
credentialSubject = buildJsonObject {
put("authorship", buildJsonObject {
put("articleDid", articleDid)
put("authors", authors.mapIndexed { index, authorDid ->
buildJsonObject {
put("authorDid", authorDid)
put("role", if (index == 0) "primary-author" else "co-author")
put("contribution", "equal")
}
})
})
},
issuanceDate = Instant.now().toString()
)
}
Content Versioning
Track multiple versions of content:
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fun createVersionCredential(
articleDid: String,
version: Int,
previousVersionHash: String,
currentVersionHash: String,
editorDid: String
): VerifiableCredential {
return VerifiableCredential(
type = listOf("VerifiableCredential", "VersionCredential"),
issuer = editorDid,
credentialSubject = buildJsonObject {
put("version", buildJsonObject {
put("articleDid", articleDid)
put("versionNumber", version)
put("previousHash", previousVersionHash)
put("currentHash", currentVersionHash)
put("editorDid", editorDid)
})
},
issuanceDate = Instant.now().toString()
)
}
Real-World Use Cases
1. Breaking News Verification
Scenario: Verify breaking news content authenticity.
Implementation: Use authorship and publication credentials to verify content source and publication.
2. Investigative Journalism
Scenario: Track investigative article through research, writing, editing, and publication.
Implementation: Use provenance chain to track article through all stages.
3. Photo Journalism
Scenario: Verify photo authenticity and attribution.
Implementation: Use content hash and authorship credentials for photos.
Benefits
- Content Authenticity: Verify content hasn’t been manipulated
- Author Attribution: Properly credit journalists
- Source Verification: Verify content sources
- Modification Tracking: Track all content changes
- Fact-Checking: Enable verifiable fact-checking
- Publisher Accountability: Hold publishers accountable
- Cross-Platform: Works across news platforms
- Trust: Rebuild reader trust
- Compliance: Meet regulatory requirements
- Transparency: Show content history
Best Practices
- Content Hashing: Always hash content for integrity
- Author Attribution: Always attribute content to authors
- Modification Tracking: Track all content changes
- Fact-Checking: Verify claims with fact-check credentials
- Blockchain Anchoring: Anchor critical content
- Credential Verification: Verify all credentials
- Error Handling: Handle verification failures
- Documentation: Document content processing
- Privacy: Respect source privacy
- Standards: Follow industry standards
Next Steps
- Learn about Digital Workflow & Provenance Scenario for related concepts
- Explore Earth Observation Scenario for data integrity
- Check out Academic Credentials Scenario for credential concepts
- Review Core Concepts: Verifiable Credentials for credential details